For this purpose, the mobile Lidar EMORAL (Figure 1) was installed at the measuring station of the Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Zabrze, managed by Krzysztof Klejnowski (ipis.pan.pl).
The POLIMOS Zabrze-SMOG 2021 campaign is coordinated by Lucja Janicka, and participated by Iwona Stachlewska and volunteers Rafał Fortuna and Patryk Poczta. The work of the IPIŚ-PAN Team is coordinated by Krzysztof Klejnowski with the support of Marianna Czaplicka and Katarzyna Jaworek.
Initially, the measurements were difficult due to the unfavorable weather conditions (snow and snowfall with rain associated with the displacement of the atmospheric front). However, on December 10, 2021, there was a breakthrough, lidar measurements became possible, and very low wind speeds favored the formation of smog (Figure 2). Significant air pollution was observed close to the ground using various IPIŚ-PAN measurement sensors (Figure 1 - the red color of in-situ sensors indicates a high level of air pollution). Measurements made with EMORAL lidar provided data on the vertical distribution of pollutants (Figure 3). Lidar measurements carried out in a continuous mode.
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| Figure 2. Smog Zabrze on December 13, 2021 (photo: Krzysztof Klejnowski, IEE PAS). | Figure 3. Current visualization of lidar measurements, lidar EMORAL December 10, 2021 (photo: Rafał Fortuna UW). |
Initial analyzes of lidar measurements showed significant differences in the vertical structure of smog compared to smog measured in winter in Kraków or Warsaw. Such measurements were made with the EMORAL leader during the POLIMOS Kraków-SMOG 2018 Campaign carried out in cooperation with Jarosław Nęcki and Mirosław Zimnoch from the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków (agh.edu.pl). The research in Krakow will be repeated in January 2022. On the other hand, smog in Warsaw is observed with PollyXT and NARLa lidars during regular measurements at the RS-Lab IGFUW station as part of the ACTRIS distributed European Research Infrastructure (actris.net).
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| Figure 4. Night lidar measurements (visible laser beam sent to the atmosphere (photo: Łucja Janicka UW). | Figure 5. Night lidar measurements are made by the Campaign Coordinator Lucja Janicka (photo: Iwona Stachlewska UW). |
During the campaign, a unique measurement of the inflow of the atmospheric front and the formation of clouds in high resolution was also carried out, these measurements will be used in the future for theoretical simulations of turbulence in the boundary layer conducted at IGFUW by Marta Wacławczyk.
Persons interested in the measurements are asked to contact Ms Łucja Janicka, Coordinator of the POLIMOS Zabrze-SMOG 2021 Campaign.
